Presumed Optic Neuropathy Secondary to Intranasal Cocaine Use: A Case Report

Authors

  • Jasmine Joseph Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affair Medical Center

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15353/cjo.v85i4.5351

Keywords:

cocaine, optic neuropathy, optic disc edema, intranasal inhalation

Abstract

Ocular side effects of intranasal cocaine use are rare but can include corneal epithelial changes, retinal vascular complications, and orbital inflammation.1 This case report describes a 54-year-old Black female who was a habitual cocaine user and presented with acute, painless vision loss of the right eye and right optic disc edema. Cocaine’s sympathomimetic properties can lead to optic neuropathy; therefore, a patient’s social history of recreational drug use should not be dismissed when considering potential etiologies. 

References

Mantelli F, Lambiase A, Sacchetti M, et al. Cocaine snorting may induce ocular surface damage through corneal sensitivity impairment. Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology. 2015; 253(5): 765-72.

Anonymous. Key Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results from the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2022; HHS Publication No. PEP22-07-01-005.

Carmona E, Palza C, Serrano R. Orbital and Nasal Complications of Secondary to Inhaled Cocaine Abuse. Acta Otorrinolaringologica. 2012;63(3): 233-6.

Escolano-Serrano J, Monera-Lucas C, Moreno-Escudero I, et al. Optical neuropathy due to inhaled cocaine, causality or chance. Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia. 2020;95(8): 411-4.

Nehring S, Goyal A, Patel B. C Reactive Protein. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): 2022 July.

Gibbons A, Henderson A. Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy-Challenges for the future. Frontiers in Ophthalmology. 2022 March 15; vol 2.

Bordas M, Tabacaru B, Stanca T. Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy – Case report. Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2018; 62(3): 231-45.

Behbehani R. Clinical approach to optic neuropathies. Clinical Ophthalmology. 2007;1(3):233-46.

Mandura R. Giant Cell Arteritis Presenting as Unilateral Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. Cureus. 2021; 13(7).

Bennett J. Optic Neuritis. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2019; 25(5): 1236-64.

Mollan S, Davies B, Silver N, et al. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: Consensus guidelines on management. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2018; 89:1088-100.

Raizada K, Margolin E. Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): 2022 October.

Richards J, Laurin E. Cocaine. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): 2022 January.

Hardey S, Thomas S, Stein S, et al. What is cocaine cut with? Adulterants & Cutting Agents. American Addiction Centers. 2022 July 13.

Sánchez P, Pérez C, Romero M, et al. Cocaine use, high blood pressure and chronic kidney disease. Nefrologia. 2010; 30(6): 706-7.

Miller A, Sherman S. Crack Eye. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2009; 37(1): 75-6.

Siemerink M, Freling N, Saeed P. Chronic orbital inflammatory disease and optic neuropathy associated with long-term intranasal cocaine abuse: 2 cases and literature review. Orbit. 2017; 36(5): 350-5.

Newman N, DiLoreto D, Li J, et al. Bilateral Optic Neuropathy and Osteolytic Sinusitis: Complications of Cocaine Abuse. Journal of American Medical Association. 1988;259(1):72–4.

Berry S, Lin, W, Sadaka A, et al. Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: cause, effect, and management. Dove Medical Press Eye and Brain. 2017; 9: 23-8.

De Clerck E, Schouten J, Berendschot T, et al. Loss of Temporal Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibers in Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes Without Diabetic Retinopathy: The Maastricht Study. Investigate Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 2017;58(2): 1017-27.

Younis A, Eggenberger E; Correlation of Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Loss in Unilateral or Asymmetric Demyelinating Optic Neuropathy. Investigate Ophthalmology Visual Science. 2010;51(8):4013-16.

Hayreh S, Zimmerman B, Podhajsky P, et al. Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: Role of Nocturnal Arterial Hypotension. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997; 115: 942–3.

Newman N, Scherer R, Langnberg P et al. The fellow eye in NAION: Report from the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial Follow-up Study. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2002; 134: 317-28.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-07

How to Cite

Joseph, J. (2023). Presumed Optic Neuropathy Secondary to Intranasal Cocaine Use: A Case Report. Canadian Journal of Optometry, 85(4), 7–17. https://doi.org/10.15353/cjo.v85i4.5351

Issue

Section

Clinical Research