Ottoman Architecture and the Hard Hitting of Westernization

Abstract

This research paper explores the trajectory of Ottoman architecture, emphasizing its initial formation through the adaptation of Islamic/Seljuk, Byzantine, and Persian influences, reflecting the empire’s overall diverse cultural landscape. The paper also delves into the transformative impact of Westernization, particularly in the 18th century onwards, which marked an intensification of cultural exchange between the Ottoman Empire and Western Europe. This era witnessed a gradual adoption of European architectural styles, most notably Baroque, Rococo, and Neoclassicism. The paper discussed the debated topic of the decline of Ottoman traditional styles following Westernization. The paper argues against a simplistic notion of an overtaking of Ottoman styles, but rather a process of hybridity and adaptation of European styles into Ottoman monuments. Prime examples used within the paper to emphasize the adaptation of culture are the Sa’dabad Palace, built during the Tulip period, and the Nurosmaniye Mosque. This engagement with Western architecture largely remained stylistic without adopting the underlying theoretical frameworks.